Regular and Irregular verbs
a.
Regular
verbs: Which verbs take ed, d, or t
after them to transform into past & past participle that verbs are called
Regular verbs.
Example :
Kill killed killed
Like
liked liked
Burn
burnt burnt
b.
Irregular
verbs:
The term ‘irregular’ is applied to verbs that do not form the past tense
and past participle according to the rule. They normally change internal vowel
or take n, en, ne after them to
transform into past & past
participle .
Example:
Break
broke broken
Give
gave given
There are three main types of irregular
verbs:
v Type -1:
Like put, for which the past tense and the
past participle are both the same as base. This type includes the following
verbs:
Bet(evwR aiv), bid(Av‡`k Kiv), broadcast, burst, cast(XvjvB Kiv), cost, quit, rid, forecast, hit, hurt, knit(ecb Kiv), let, put, split(we`xY© Kiv/wef³
Kiv), spread, set, shed(Sov‡bv), shut, spit(_yZz †djv), thrust(av°v gviv/‡V‡j
XzwK‡q †`qv), upset, wed(weevn Kiv/ †`qv), wet(wfRv‡bv / cÖ¯ªve
Kiv).
v Type -2:
Verbs like ‘hear’ with past and past
participle the same as each other but different from the base.
Base
past
Abide (evm Kiv) abode
Bend (euvKv‡bv) bent
Beseech(Abybq Kiv) besought
Bind (evav) bound
Bleed
(i³cvZ
Kiv‡bv) bled
Breed (Rb¥`vb Kiv/jvjcvjb
Kiv) bred
Build
(wbg©vb
Kiv) built
Bring (Avbv) brought
Burn
(cyov‡bv) burnt
Buy (µq Kiv)
bought
Catch (aiv) caught
Cling (‡j‡M _Kv) clung
Creep (nvgv¸wo †`qv) crept
Deal (e›Ub Kiv/cÖ`vb Kiv) dealt
Feed (LvIqv‡bv)
fed
Dig (Lbb Kiv) dug
Dream (¯^cœ †`Lv) dreamt
Feel (Abyfe Kiv) felt
Fight (hy× Kiv) fought
Find (‡LuvRv) found
Flee (cjvqb Kiv) fled
Fling (wb‡ÿc Kiv)
flung
Get (cvIqv) got
Grind( ¸uov Kiv) ground
Hang (Szjv‡bv) hung
Have(cvIqv/AwaKvi Kiv)
had
Hear (‡kvbv) heard
Hold (NUv)
held
Keep (ivLv) kept
Kneel knelt
Lay
laid
Lead
led
Lean(‡n‡j hvIqv/ †njv) leant
Leap (jvd †`Iqv) leapt
Learn
learnt
Leave
left
Lend
lent
Light lit
Mean meant
Make made
Meet met
Pay paid
Read read
Rend rent
Say said
Seek sought
Sell sold
Send sent
Shine shone
Shoot shot
Sit sat
Sleep slept
Slide (wcQ‡j hvIqv) slid
Sling (m‡Rv‡i wb‡ÿc Kiv) slung
Smell smelt
Speed sped
Spell spelt/ spelled
Spend spent
Spill (cv‡Îi Kvbv †e‡q Qj‡K cov/ †djv) spilt
Spin (m~Zv KvUv)
spun
Spit spat
Spoil spoilt
Stand stood
Stick (we× Kiv) stuck
Sting(KuvUv evû‡ji Øviv we× Kiv) stung
Strike struck
Sweep swept
Swing (`ywj‡Z _vKv) swung
Teach taught
Tell told
Think thought
Weep wept
Win won
Wind (`g †bevi ev wd‡i
cvevi my‡hvM wound
†`qv)
Wring(‡gvPiv‡bv) wrung
Type -3:
Verbs of which the past participle are different.
|
Base
|
past
|
Past
participle
|
|
Rise
|
Rose
|
Risen
|
|
Wake
|
Woke
|
Woken
|
|
Be
|
Was/were
|
Been
|
|
Bear
|
Bore
|
Borne
|
|
Beat
|
Beat
|
Beaten
|
|
Become
|
Became
|
Become
|
|
Begin
|
Began
|
Begun
|
|
Bid
|
Bade
|
Bidden
|
|
Bite
|
Bit
|
Bitten
|
|
Blow
|
Blew
|
Blown
|
|
Break
|
Broke
|
Broken
|
|
Choose
|
Chose
|
Chosen
|
|
Come
|
Came
|
Come
|
|
Do
|
Did
|
Done
|
|
Draw
|
Drew
|
Drawn
|
|
Drink
|
Drank
|
Drunk
|
|
Drive
|
Drove
|
Driven
|
|
Eat
|
Ate
|
Eaten
|
|
Fall
|
Fell
|
Fallen
|
|
Fly
|
Flew
|
Flown
|
|
Forbid
|
Forbade
|
forbidden
|
|
Forget
|
Forgot
|
Forgotten
|
|
Forgive
|
Forgave
|
Forgiven
|
|
Forsake
|
Forsook
|
Forsaken
|
|
Freeze
|
Froze
|
Frozen
|
|
Give
|
Gave
|
Given
|
|
Go
|
Went
|
Gone
|
|
Grow
|
Grew
|
Grown
|
|
Hide
|
Hid
|
Hidden
|
|
Know
|
Knew
|
Known
|
|
Lie
|
Lay
|
Lain
|
|
Mow(Nvm KvUv)
|
Mowed
|
Mown
|
|
Ride
|
Rode
|
Ridden
|
|
Ring
|
Rang
|
Rung
|
|
Run
|
Ran
|
Run
|
|
See
|
Saw
|
Seen
|
|
Shake
|
Shook
|
Shaken
|
|
Show
|
Showed
|
Shown
|
|
Shrink
|
Shrank
|
Shrunk
|
|
Sing
|
Sang
|
Sung
|
|
Sink
|
Sank
|
Sunk
|
|
Slay
|
Slew
|
Slain
|
|
Smite(cÖnvi Kiv)
|
Smote
|
Smitten
|
|
Sow
|
Sowed
|
Sown
|
|
Speak
|
Spoke
|
Spoken
|
|
Spring
|
Sprang
|
Sprung
|
|
Steal
|
Stole
|
Stolen
|
|
Stride(eo eo cv †dwjqv
Pjv)
|
Strode
|
Stridden
|
|
Swear(kc_ Kiv)
|
Swore
|
Sworn
|
|
Swell(‡dv‡j DVv)
|
Swelled
|
Swollen
|
|
Swim
|
Swam
|
Swum
|
|
Take
|
Took
|
Taken
|
|
Tear
|
Tore
|
Torn
|
|
Throw
|
Threw
|
Thrown
|
|
Tread(c`vc©Y Kiv)
|
Trod
|
Trodden
|
|
Wake
|
Woke
|
Woken
|
|
Wear
|
Wore
|
Worn
|
|
Weave
|
Wove
|
Woven
|
|
Write
|
Wrote
|
Written
|
Regular Verbs:
|
abuse
|
abused
|
abused
|
|
abolish
|
abolished
|
abolished
|
|
avail
|
availed
|
availed
|
|
attract
|
attracted
|
attracted
|
|
appoint
|
appointed
|
appointed
|
|
apply
|
applied
|
applied
|
|
approve
|
approved
|
approved
|
|
accept
|
accepted
|
accepted
|
|
accompany
|
accompanied
|
accompanied
|
|
acquire
|
acquired
|
acquired
|
|
annoy
|
annoyed
|
annoyed
|
|
alter
|
altered
|
altered
|
|
aim
|
aimed
|
aimed
|
|
add
|
added
|
added
|
|
adapt
|
adapted
|
adapted
|
|
attack
|
attacked
|
attacked
|
|
assure
|
assured
|
assured
|
|
ask
|
asked
|
asked
|
|
ascend
|
ascended
|
ascended
|
|
agree
|
agreed
|
agreed
|
|
advise
|
advised
|
advised
|
|
adopt
|
adopted
|
adopted
|
|
affect
|
affected
|
affected
|
|
Believe
|
Believed
|
Believed
|
|
Behave
|
Behaved
|
Behaved
|
|
Beg
|
Begged
|
Begged
|
|
Ban
|
Banned
|
Banned
|
|
Charge
|
Charged
|
Charged
|
|
Cheat
|
Cheated
|
Cheated
|
|
Compare
|
Compared
|
Compared
|
|
Call
|
Called
|
Called
|
|
Cry
|
Cried
|
Cried
|
|
Contain
|
Contained
|
Contained
|
|
Clean
|
Cleaned
|
Cleaned
|
|
Chatter
|
Chattered
|
Chattered
|
|
Cook
|
Cooked
|
Cooked
|
|
Change
|
changed
|
changed
|
|
Complain
|
Complained
|
Complained
|
|
Compose
|
Composed
|
Composed
|
|
Convict
|
Convicted
|
Convicted
|
|
Cure
|
Cured
|
Cured
|
|
Clothe
|
Clothed
|
Clothed
|
|
deliver
|
delivered
|
delivered
|
|
debar
|
debarred
|
debarred
|
|
dare
|
dared
|
dared
|
|
decide
|
decided
|
decided
|
|
dedicate
|
dedicated
|
dedicated
|
|
demand
|
demanded
|
demanded
|
|
deny
|
denied
|
denied
|
|
depend
|
depended
|
depended
|
|
destroy
|
destroyed
|
destroyed
|
|
deviate
|
deviated
|
deviated
|
|
determine
|
determined
|
determined
|
|
die
|
died
|
died
|
|
divide
|
divided
|
divided
|
|
decorate
|
decorated
|
decorated
|
|
disappear
|
disappeared
|
disappeared
|
|
embellish
|
embellished
|
embellished
|
|
enter
|
entered
|
entered
|
|
express
|
expressed
|
expressed
|
|
expose
|
exposed
|
exposed
|
|
fold
|
folded
|
folded
|
|
gather
|
gathered
|
gathered
|
|
gaze
|
gazed
|
gazed
|
|
gird
|
girded/girt
|
girded/girt
|
|
hate
|
hated
|
hated
|
|
hang
|
hanged
|
hanged
|
|
hew
|
hewed
|
hewed
|
|
inform
|
informed
|
informed
|
|
inspire
|
inspired
|
inspired
|
|
introduce
|
introduced
|
introduced
|
|
insist
|
insisted
|
insisted
|
|
invade
|
invaded
|
invaded
|
|
invite
|
invited
|
invited
|
|
involve
|
involved
|
involved
|
|
joke
|
joked
|
joked
|
|
join
|
joined
|
joined
|
|
kill
|
killed
|
killed
|
|
knock
|
knocked
|
knocked
|
|
Look
|
Looked
|
Looked
|
|
Like
|
Liked
|
Liked
|
|
Light
|
Lighted
|
Lighted
|
|
Lie
|
Lied
|
Lied
|
|
Laugh
|
Laughed
|
Laughed
|
|
Load
|
Loaded
|
Loaded
|
|
Last
|
Lasted
|
Lasted
|
|
match
|
matched
|
matched
|
|
maintain
|
maintained
|
maintained
|
|
marry
|
married
|
married
|
|
mow
|
mowed
|
mowed
|
|
move
|
moved
|
moved
|
|
mix
|
mixed
|
mixed
|
|
mend
|
mended
|
mended
|
|
meet
|
met
|
met
|
|
manage
|
managed
|
managed
|
|
melt
|
melted
|
melted
|
|
neigh
|
neighed
|
neighed
|
|
negotiate
|
negotiated
|
negotiated
|
|
need
|
needed
|
needed
|
|
notice
|
noticed
|
noticed
|
|
order
|
ordered
|
ordered
|
|
omit
|
omitted
|
omitted
|
|
occur
|
occurred
|
occurred
|
|
observe
|
observed
|
observed
|
|
open
|
opened
|
opened
|
|
occupy
|
occupied
|
occupied
|
|
offer
|
offered
|
offered
|
|
punish
|
punished
|
punished
|
|
play
|
played
|
played
|
|
pay
|
paid
|
paid
|
|
preside
|
presided
|
presided
|
|
prevent
|
prevented
|
prevented
|
|
propose
|
proposed
|
proposed
|
|
prosecute
|
prosecuted
|
prosecuted
|
|
prove
|
proved
|
proved
|
|
persist
|
persisted
|
persisted
|
|
pick
|
picked
|
picked
|
|
plunge
|
plunged
|
plunged
|
|
plough
|
ploughed
|
ploughed
|
|
protect
|
protected
|
protected
|
|
prepare
|
prepared
|
prepared
|
|
preserve
|
preserved
|
preserved
|
|
pretend
|
pretended
|
pretended
|
|
proceed
|
proceeded
|
proceeded
|
|
prohibit
|
prohibited
|
prohibited
|
|
plan
|
planned
|
planned
|
|
quarrel
|
quarreled
|
quarreled
|
|
reject
|
rejected
|
rejected
|
|
rehabilitate
|
rehabilitated
|
rehabilitated
|
|
refuse
|
refused
|
refused
|
|
refund
|
refunded
|
refunded
|
|
recover
|
recovered
|
recovered
|
|
remind
|
reminded
|
reminded
|
|
remit
|
remitted
|
remitted
|
|
returned
|
returned
|
returned
|
|
respond
|
responded
|
responded
|
|
rob
|
robbed
|
robbed
|
|
repair
|
repaired
|
repaired
|
|
reply
|
replied
|
replied
|
|
rescue
|
rescued
|
rescued
|
|
reproduce
|
reproduced
|
reproduced
|
|
repeat
|
repeated
|
repeated
|
|
say
|
said
|
said
|
|
sew
|
sewed
|
sewed
|
|
swell
|
swelled
|
swelled
|
|
shoot
|
shot
|
shot
|
|
sleep
|
slept
|
slept
|
|
show
|
showed
|
showed
|
|
sow
|
sowed
|
sowed
|
|
stay
|
stayed
|
stayed
|
|
shock
|
shocked
|
shocked
|
|
shook
|
shooked
|
shooked
|
|
slip
|
slipped
|
slipped
|
|
suit
|
suited
|
suited
|
|
stretch
|
stretched
|
stretched
|
|
smile
|
smiled
|
smiled
|
|
travel
|
travelled
|
travelled
|
|
twinkle
|
twinkled
|
twinkled
|
|
treat
|
treated
|
treated
|
|
tip
|
tipped
|
tipped
|
|
utter
|
uttered
|
uttered
|
|
unite
|
united
|
united
|
|
visit
|
visited
|
visited
|
|
vanish
|
vanished
|
vanished
|
|
wait
|
waited
|
waited
|
|
warn
|
warned
|
warned
|
|
watch
|
watched
|
watched
|
|
walk
|
walked
|
walked
|
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