Adverbs

Adverbs

An adverb is a word that adds new meaning to a verb, an adjective or an another adverb.

 e.g.  Very,   fast,  too,   now,   then,  always,  never,ever,yet, just , often , enough.

An adverb is a word used to modify any parts of speech(except a Noun or a pronoun,or an interjection) or a whole sentence.

a.       Adverb qualifies a Verb: The bird flies swiftly.(`ªæZ)

b.       Adverb qualifies an Adjective: She is a very good girl.

a.       Adverb qualifies an Adverb: She writes very well.

b.       Adverb qualifies a Preposition:I came here just before ten.

c.       Adverb qualifies a Conjunction: I did not do it simply because I had not time to do it.

d.       Adverb qualifies a Sentence:Really he was a good man.

They answer the  questions how(manner),when(time),where(place),how much(degree),and why(cause)

Example:

He kicked the ball solidly.(How?)

             He kicked the ball immediately.(when?)

             He kicked the ball forward.(where?)

              He kicked the ball too hard.(how much?)

Position of adverb:

1.First and end of a sentence

He did the work successfully.

Suddenly, he came here.

2.S+adv+verb

He always speaks the truth.

3.adv+adj

He is seriously ill.

4.Auxiliary verb+adverb+main verb

He will surely come here.

Classification of Adverb:

There are three types of adverb:

o   Adverbs of time. (When?)

o   Adverbs of place. (Where?)

o   Adverbs of manner. (how?)

o   Adverbs of frequency. (how often)

o   Adverbs of quantity or degree. (how much)

o   Adverbs of affirmation & negation.

o   Adverbs of cause and effect.

o   Adverbs of order.

o   Interrogative adverbs,

o   Relative or conjunctive adverbs.

Adverb of time:

GB ai‡Yi adverb ¸‡jv  wµqv m¤úbœ nIqvi mgq eySvq| GwU KLb (when)cÖkœwUi Reve†`q|

late, soon, before, tomorrow, yesterday, early, then, now, always, daily, ever, never, ago, already, immediately, today.

Sonom rise early (mKvj mKvj) in the morning.

Adverb of place:

GB ai‡Yi adverb ¸‡jvwµqv m¤úbœ nIqvi ¯’vb wb‡`©k K‡i|GwU †Kv_vq( where)cÖkœwUi Reve†`q|

 here, there, near ,below, above, hence, everywhere, away, within, in. out, up, here, inside.

 Humayon lives here.

Come in.

Adverb of manner:

GB ai‡Yiadverb¸‡jvwµqv m¤úbœ nIqvi aib ev Kvq`v eySvq|GwU †Kgbfv‡e( how)cÖkœwUi Reve †`q|

hard, soundly(cÖMvpfv‡e), bravely, wisely, well, aloud, quickly

This pen writes well.

This type of adjective are formed by adding ‘ly’ with adjective.

Adjective

correct

brave

dear

free

quick

polite

fair

quiet

glad

Adverb

correctly

bravely

dearly

freely

quickly

politely

fairly

quietly

gladly

Adverb of frequency:

‡hmeadverbwµqv KZevi m¤úbœ nq Zv eySvq|

 once, again, thrice, always, often, never, usually, generally, sometimes, occasionally, rarely.

Such a talented boy is rarely found.

Adverb of quantity or degree:

KZLvwb,wK gvÎvq,wK cwigv‡Y

almost, enough, quite, very, too, much, less, little, rather, hardly, partly, abundantly.

He is very strong.

Adverb of affirmation and negation:

GB ai‡Yiadverb¸‡jv nu¨v ev bv wb‡`©k K‡i |

Truly, Really, probably, indeed, no, yes, certainly, possibly.

She will possibly meet me today.

Adverbs of cause and effect:(KviY I djvdj)

I am hence unable to meet him.
She therefore went away.
It was raining so we did not go out.
This is why he failed.

Adverbs of order:(µg)

First, second, third,last…

First we have to study hard, then we can hope for success.

Interrogative adverbs:(question)

How,why,when….

When did he go?

Relative adverbs:       

I  know  where he lives.

I know when he will come.

Adverbs and Adjectives with the same form:

Adjectives	Adverbs
That is a very fast train.	It goes very fast.
He is a hard worker.	He works hard.
He has gone to the far East.	We didn’t walk very far.
It is a straight road.	It runs straight for miles.
I saw a dead bird in the garden.	He was dead drunk.
That is a very high building.	The birds are flying high.
She is a pretty girl.	That is a pretty good picture.
My shoes are too tight.	Hold tight.
He is not well.	He can sing well.
This is the short way home.	The teacher cut him short in the middle of the presentation.

Adjective+ly=adverb

Attractive+ly=attractively

Rahim did the work( successful).     à  successfully

N+y=adj ; wood+y=woody

adj+y=N ; honest+y=honesty.

                                                                                           Exercise:

Choose  the correct form: adjective or adverb.

1.       English and German are ______(close/closely) related.

2.       There is still a very ______(close/ closely) bond between mother and daughter.

3.       Jack is good at tennis and he always plays ______(fair/fairly).

4.       He did ______(fair/fairly) well in the examination.

5.       The decision to elect him chairman was ______ (just/justly) made.

6.       “Did you catch the plane?” “Yes, got there ______(just/justy) in the time.

7.       The athletics have been practicing very ______(hard/hardly) for Athens.

8.       I could ______(hard/hardly).

9.       Amnesty International says that several people are ______(wrong/wrongly) imprisoned.

10.   Something has gone ______(wrong/wrongly) with me.